Policy Brief

In 2020, the World Economic Forum reported that the ASEAN had anestimated total GDP of USD 3.08 trillion, which is expected to growannually by 4 per cent over the next decade. By 2030, ASEAN’s GDPis projected to reach USD 4.5 trillion, making the region the fourth-largest economy worldwide

Download Here

Article 11 of the Convention on Biological Diversity(CBD) on incentive measures requires Parties to “as faras possible and as appropriate, adopt economically andsocially sound measures that act as incentives for theconservation and sustainable use of biological diversity.”This is further articulated in the Aichi Biodiversity Target3, which also aims to reduce the impact of negativesubsidies and incentives on biodiversity.

Download Here

Sustainable Consumption and Production (SCP) aims to enhance resource use efficiency and to reduce wastes and pollutants that cause adverse impacts on biodiversity. The concept gained attention as economic growth changed people’s consumption behaviour, and consequently increased pressure on constrained resources.

Download Here

Economic growth, anthropogenic activities, and climate changethreaten ASEAN’s biodiversity-rich areas, in scope and quality.The ecological crisis led to species extinction, diminishing naturalresources, and deteriorating ecosystems. Against this backdrop,ASEAN Member States (AMS) need to set ambitious goals and radicalmeasures to achieve Aichi Biodiversity Target 5 because the time torestore and recover these biodiverse areas is fast running out.

Download Here

The ASEAN region has 2 million kilometres of coastline and over25,000 islands, where more than 50 per cent of the population inthe region lives. Fish is the primary source of protein for most of theASEAN region’s population, accounting for at least 15 per cent ofanimal protein requirement for more than 100 million people andup to 50 per cent for some communities

Download Here

In the ASEAN, policies and mechanisms are being implemented to scaleup biodiversity-friendly agriculture, aquaculture, and forestry technologiesand approaches to address the negative impacts of unsustainable practices.

Download Here

Pollution is a critical issue as it is a major driver of biodiversityloss. The ASEAN Member States (AMS) have incorporatedremediation measures in their National BiodiversityStrategies and Action Plans, refined and formulated newpolicies against pollution, monitored pollution statususing standard quality indices, and executed measures tomitigate pollution and its impacts on biodiversity.

Download Here

The ASEAN Member States (AMS) have made goodprogress in the inventory of invasive alien species(IAS) and their pathways and in selecting priorities formanaging IAS, although these efforts are more focusedon terrestrial species.

Download Here

The ocean drives global systems that make the Earth habitablefor humankind. Marine biodiversity is thus critical to thehealth of people and the planet. Over the past 40 years, nearlyall of ASEAN’s marine and coastal ecosystems experiencedintense pressures due to large-scale economic development,urbanisation, deforestation, unsustainable aquaculturepractices, overfishing, illegal, unreported, and unregulatedfishing, and destructive coral harvesting practices. Pollutants,toxic substances, microplastics, and pathogens from untreatedsewage and garbage aggravate the situation. Climate changeexacerbates the impacts of these pressures on the marineand coastal environment. Extreme climatic events, sea levelrise, ocean warming, and ocean acidification will cause furtherdestruction of marine ecosystems and failure of ecosystemfunctions.

Download Here

Among the AichiBiodiversity Targets, the ASEAN reported the most progress in expanding protectedareas. By 2021, ASEAN MemberStates (AMS) collectively established protection for 15.57 percent of terrestrialand 4 percent of coastal and marine areas. The ASEAN also committed to increasing conservation areas beyond the percentage ssuggested by AichiBiodiversity Target 11.

Download Here

Download Here

 Download Here

 Download Here

Download Here

Download Here

Download Here

Download Here

Download Here

Download Here